1- iseggasen zrin ɣef tefsut taberkant n 2001, amek i d tamuɣli‑k ɣef ayen yakk yeḍran deg ussan‑nni di tmurt n Yiqbayliyen ?
I tazwara, ad d-inniɣ tanemmirt i uɣmis‑nwen i yi‑d-yefkan tagnit akken ad d-iniɣ tamuɣli‑w ɣef tedyanin iḥuzan tamurt deg ussegas n 2001 deffir n tmenɣiwt n yilmeẓyen deg tmurt n Yiqbayliyen ɣur-neɣ Tura qrib mraw issagassen.
Ad d-nesmekti d akken ass n 18 di yibrir 2001 daxel n uxxam n yiǧadarmiyen deg At Dwala i ittwanɣa Germaḥ Masinisa am akken ttwawḍen sɣur iǧadarmiyen sin n yelmeẓyen yellan d inelmaden ass n 22 Yibrir di Wad Amizur. Seg ass-nni timess yellan tettenfufud, tendeh d tirni di tmurt n Yiqbayliyen. Imdanen deg tudrin neɣ deg temdinin ffɣen‑d s tmesbaniyin akken ad d-begnen lɣiḍ‑nsen, u ad suɣen s ljehd n tuɣac‑nsen: barka i temḥeqranit, berka di lbaṭṭel.
Timesbaniyin kemmlent akken war ma yeḍra‑d kra armi d ass ucmit n 27 Yibrir s “leqsed” iǧadarmiyen qqerṣen s iḥarbiyen ɣef yilmeẓyen yeffɣen ɣer tmesbaniyin. Ass-nni teɣli-d tagut ɣef yidurar imi d tiɛecratin n yelmeẓyen i yexbabḍen ɣer tegnit, tamurt n Yeqbayliyen temlal d leḥzen werǧin tessin yakka uqbel. Maca aḥḍun yennerna ass n 28, 29, 30 deg yibrir imi rnan ɣlin yelmeẓyen nniḍen. Urrif yewweḍ ɣer lḥedd‑is, mebla ma teffeɣ-d tiɣri sɣur wid teɛna taluft akken ad ḥebsen tiyita. Ilaq ad yilli wayen ara yesḥebsen lhemm i d-yeɣlin ɣef warrac‑nneɣ! Acu i d abrid ? Wwin rran Yeqbayliyen ufan ala ayen i d‑ǧǧan imezwura i d leqrar, tamsalt ur teḥwaj tuget uciwer : ɛawden-d leɛarc talalit !
Akka, deg wass n 03 di Mayu yennulfa-d yiwen yisker n leɛrac deg tamnaṭ n Sebawu ara yuɣalen d amussu n leɛrac ara yezdin merra Iqbayliyen. Amussu agi ara d-yeffɣen s tɣerɣert n Leqṣer ass n 11 di Yunyu 2001. Ilaq ad d-nesmekti ( acku aṭas i yettun) d akken amur ameqran n yimeɣrasen n tefsut taberkant ɣlin uqbel tallit n umussu n leɛrac. Am akken diɣ ilaq ad nbedd zdat n wannect‑a : azal n 3 imelyan n Yeqbayliyen i yelḥan di Lezzayer tamanaɣt akken ad ssiwḍen tiɣerɣert n Leqṣar i Uslway n tmurt, maca tamsbanit teffeɣ ɣer wayen ɣef ur nebni, imi ttwaqublen yemdanen n talwit s ccwal akked d ẓẓur ass n 14 di Yunyu 2001. Ayen annect-nni n lbaṭel ?! D taqennuẓt! Ad neǧǧ yal yiwen ad iḥekker u ad imeyyez d acu i d anamek n tedyant-a!
2- Ɣef leḥsab‑ik kečč amek ara d tesfehmed azdew zedwen Yeqbayliyen ɣer umussu n leɛrac imiren ?
D tidet ! Medden yakk zedwen ɣer umussu‑agi ddan yid-s. Maca ur ilaq ara ad neffer tidet xas tikwal qerriḥet. Tura mi ɛeddan issegssen ɣef taluft, ttbanent‑d kra n tmuɣliwin nniḍen ur d-nban ara asmi yeḥma zzhir. Di tilawt llan wid d-yeddan d umussu acku ugaden, ur asen-iban ara amek ara tefru tedyant. Llan diɣ wiyaḍ ddan d umussu s leqsed akken ad t-sxedmen i lfayda n ikabaren-nsen. Am wakken llan wiyaḍ yerna d amur ameqqran ddan acku umnen d win i d abrid n yiseɣ yesuffuɣen ɣer tidet, ddan akken ad ssutren izerfan i temɛict‑nsen akked tnekkit‑nsen d tutlayt‑nsen.
Deg annect‑a, tugin n uxelleṣ n tirisiti alama tessuter-d tilvizyu smaḥ deg Yiqbayliyen ɣef reggmat n 14 Yunyu, medden yakk ḍefren tikti‑agi s yiwen wudem.
Ilaq ad nẓer diɣ d akken si timunnent n tmurt n Ledzayer ar yimir werǧin teḍra‑d yiwwet n tdukli i d-yezdin Iqbayliyen am tin umussu n leɛrac!
3- D acu d tamawt ara d‑tegreḍ ɣef yibeddi n ikabaren mgal amussu n leεrac deg teswiḥt‑nni ?
Xas ggten ikabaren di tmurt‑nneɣ, maca yiwen seg‑sen ur yefriḥ s tlalit n umussu n leɛrac. Xas ulamma si tazwara nesfhem-d d akken lɣerḍ‑nneɣ yexḍa tasertit, d akken ur d‑nettebdad ara ɣer tefranin, ur nessutur ara reḥba ɣer udabu, ur nebɣi ara ad sen-nekkes nnuba i yikabaren, imi neffeɣ berra n wannar asertan, maca teḍra am win yessawalen di tneẓruft. S lebɣi neɣ war lebɣi, ikabaren kkren‑d mgal‑nneɣ abeɛda wid ireṣṣan iḍarren‑nsen di tmurt n Yeqbayliyen. Aya yella‑d acku ttwalin ikabaren‑agi amussu n leɛrac yusa‑d akken ad asen-iḥewwec imeɣnasen. Netta di tilawt, asmi i d-ukin ufan‑d d akken teǧǧă‑ten tmacint. Amek ara xedmen? Deg wemḍiq i deg ara d-kecmen ɣer umussu, ad ttikkin deg umennuɣ ɣef izerfan yessutur wegdud, nutni ala, fran‑tt kan d rray-nsen : ilaq ad hudden amussu n leɛrac, imi ur ḥemmlen ara win ara sen-yerren tili! Ilaq ad d-nesmekti d akken iɛeggalen n leɛrac ulac s wacu ur ttwaluqben ara: tikwal ttawalin deg-nneɣ d imcac, d iɣerdayen… snesla ɣezzifet!
Nufa‑d iman‑nneɣ nettnaɣ ɣef snat tamiwin. Aya ur yelli d ayen isehlen. Mi ara nẓer d akken amussu‑agi yebna ɣef lemciwrat gar iɛeggalen n yal lεerc (tasudest yemsawin/structure horizontale), meḥsub ulac aqqeru fell‑as, yezga-d lḥal aṭas i yewɛer akken ad nqabel annect-nni n reggmat sɣur wid nɣil ad ilin ɣer tama nneɣ. Wama tiyita n udabu nebna fell‑as! Ass‑a, ma yella amussu n leɛrac yeqḍa‑d kra i temnaṭ n Yeqbayliyen, aya yella‑d s tebɣest n wid yumnen yes-s, wid yeddan yid-s seg ul si tazwara.
4- D acu n weswir i ɣer yessaweḍ umeslay akked uqerru n lḥukuma Ḥmed Uyeḥya ?
Ngum tiririt ɣef tuttra‑agi, ilaq ad d-sfehmeɣ acu i yi‑yeǧǧan nekk s timad‑iw ad ttekkiɣ deg umeslay‑agi akked imḍebbren n lḥukuma ar deqqal rebɛa iseggasen n leqdic deg umussu n leɛrac. Asmi d‑nenna d akken tiɣerɣert n Leqṣer txaḍ ulac ameslay fell‑as deg ugraw i d‑yellan deg unebdu n 2001, nennuda amek ara nekcem di lqaleb n wannect‑a, acku ur yessefk ara a nettu d akken amussu n leɛrac yebda yakan ameslay akked lḥukuma uqbel tillin n tɣerɣert n Leqṣer. Ilaq ad ẓren medden d akken ur yelli ara d ayen fessusen akken ad d-tinid ayen ɣef nemsefham ur iqebbel ara ameslay (izemm ixaḍ!) ladɣa ɣer tiddukliwin tigreɣlanin n yizerfan n umdan (ONG); tiddukiliwin‑agi ttwalint annect‑a d yiwen udem n lfacizm, ur nettwaqbal. Ɣer yegduden ifazen kullci iferru ɣef ṭabla. Mačči d abrid neɣ sin i d-nemugger ugur‑agi. Akken ad neffeɣ seg ubaxix‑agi anda ula d wid yebɣan ad ɣ‑id-fken afus ur ufin ara amek, degmi neɣleq ɣef tɣerɣert n Leqṣer, nufa ilaq ad sen-nales tamuɣli i temsalt ma ulac ad d-naf iman‑nneɣ nettwaɛzel ama si sdaxel n tmurt neɣ di berra. 15 n tsutriwin yellan deg tɣerɣert n Leqṣer, amur ameqqran deg‑sent n yimir kan, ur fkint ara ifurkan ɣer yimal. Dayemmi i nezzi ɣer‑s deg ugraw i d‑yellan deg At Yiraten akked deg uzmam n tidmi tasertant i t‑id-iḍefren; deg uzmam‑agi i d-yeffɣen, ula d tamsalt n timanit n temnaḍin tedda‑d deg wawal, acu kan tuɣal tettwattu. Agdud ur yewjid ara akken ad aɣ‑id-yeḍfer deg ubrid‑nni di lawan‑nni. Akka i d Aqbayli, ticki ur yefhim ara itezzi ɣef yiman‑is yettaǧǧa ccɣel d azgen. Seg yimir iban‑aɣ‑d d akken amussu n leɛrac dulaqrar ad yexmet. Teɛjel teswiḥt ilaq ad d-nejber ayen i d‑yeqqimen, ur yetteffeɣ ara umennuɣ d abandu. Afran ur yeshil ger ad nkemmel imenɣi, xas akken imdanen feclen ur d-ṭṭafaren ara neɣ ad nruḥ ɣer umeslay meqqar ad yili wacu ara d-nessukkes. Win yettḍebbiren yettmeyyiz, yettḥezzib, abrid n ṣṣwab yettban meɛqul. Acu is-s d‑yegla umeslay agi? Mačči d yiwet.
Ilaq ad d-nini d akken tilin n umussu n leɛrac yekkes lweḥc ɣef leḥwari, ɣef temdinin akked tuddar mačči kan di Tmurt n Yebayliyen, maca yakk di tmurt n Lezzayer merra acku ass‑a nwala d akken d amedya n leɛrac i ṭṭafarent tamnaḍin nniḍen mi bɣant ad qazment adabu yeṭṭfen leḥkem si 62 ɣer wass‑a.
Ma deg wayen yeɛnan ameslay akked d uqqeru n lḥukuma, ilaq ad d-nesmekti d akken llant‑d kraḍ n temliliyin. Tamezwarut di 24 yennayer 2004 i deg anda 11 n iɛeggalen n leɛrac ideg ttikiɣ ula d nekk, yerna lliɣ d win yettmeslayen s yisem n terbaɛt‑agi (porte parole) akked Ḥmed Uyehya. Timlilit‑a yeṭṭfen azal n 24 n tsaɛtin war aḥbas tezzi ɣef sḍis (6) n tneqqiḍin yeqqnen ɣer tedyanin n tefsut tabrkant: aserreḥ n iɛeggalen n leεrac yettwaḥebsen, tuɣalin n yixeddamen i d-staxren seg uxeddim, tifrat i taluft n trisiti i yugi umussu ad ixelleṣ seg useggas n 2001, tukksa n lmeks ɣef ikumersiyen di tmurt n Yeqbayliyen yenṭerren di cwalat i d‑yeḍran s teɣzi n kuẓ (4) iseggasen, asṭixer n iselwayen n tɣiwanin (lemyur) ur yefrin ara ugdud akken ilaq imi Tamurt n Yeqbayliyen teɣɣunza tifranin i d‑yeḍran imir. Sḍis (6) n teneqqiḍin‑agi ufant abrid ɣer tillin am akken neẓra irkelli.
Syin akin yiwet n terbaɛt nniḍen n umussu n leɛrac truḥ ɣer uymeslay akked lḥukuma akken tiɣerɣert n Leqser ad taɣ leqrar, dacu kan ameslay yemḍerkal ɣef tneqqit n Tmaziɣt ma ad tilli d tutlaty tunṣibt di tmendawt n tmurt neɣ ala. Asmi ulac amsefhem ɣef tneqqiṭ‑agi negzem ameslay akked d uqerru n lḥukuma. Ameslay agi nezzi ɣur-s deg useggas n 2005 almi d ass mi d-yefka uwanek lεehd akken ad yessenṣeb tiɣerɣert n Leqṣer akken ma tella.
Ass‑a nezmer ad d-nini d akken deg tɣerɣert‑agi ala 3 ɣef 15 n tneqqiḍin i d-yufan abrid ɣer tilin-nsent. Ilaq diɣ ad d-nini d akken amur ameqqran deg tneqqiḍin ur d-nufi ara abrid ɣer tilin yeǧǧa‑tent wakud. Mebla ma nefka-d aṭas n imedyaten, ad d-nini kan d akken taneqqiṭ tis 6 yeɛnan aḥbas n zeḍmat sɣur isurtiyen ɣef tudert akked ucqirrew deg yelmeẓyen sɣur iserdassen, ur as-d-yegri ara wawal deg wannar imi aya ulac‑it yakan tura. Ma d ayen i d‑iḥella umeslay atan iban: tella‑d tisbeddit ilmend n wid yettwanɣan di Tizi Wezzu, imawlan n yimeɣrasen akked d wid yeblisin sɛan apansyun, iǧadarmiyen ffɣen Tamurt n Yeqbaymiyen uɣalen‑d deg ubdil‑nsen isurtiyen n laman, (tura ddeqs n temnaḍin i ɣer d-uɣalen) afeṣṣel n tdamsa i tmurt n Yeqbayliyen yettwaqbel, lebni n wexxam n tguni n inelmaden n Temda d amedya ɣef wannect‑a. Tamaziɣt tekcem tamendawt n tmurt teqel d tutlayt taɣelnawt.
Deg tneqqiḍin yesɛan azal deg tɣerɣert n Leqṣer ala jijma n wid yenɣan arrac‑nneɣ ur d-nufi abrid akken ad d-teḍru. Ass‑a wid i yekkaten deg umussu n leɛrac imi ruḥen ɣer umeslay atenin uɣalen sɛan aḥric deg wannar n leḥkem, weεɛan tagnit, ihi aql-i smektaɣ‑ten‑id ɣef taluft‑agi (ger‑asen acqirrew) ma zemren i kra. Ass-a yettban d akken wid i d as yeqqaren amussu n leɛrac ur yelli i d‑iḥella iban deg leɛmer ɣran d acu yellan di tɣerɣert n Leqṣer!
5-Muḥend Igtulen, d acu i d ttamuɣli‑k ɣef tmurt n Yeqbayliyen ass‑a?
Di yal tallit Tamurt n Yeqbayliyen tefka‑d irgazen yettqazamen taswiɛt. Xas tikwal tettili-d tsusmi, ikeččem cekk deg ulawen, facal yettruẓu iɣallen, maca arraw‑is werǧin qeblen ddel neɣ tamɛict n ddaw uḍar. Ma d ass‑a kra yellan yestewḥac. S lebɣi neɣ s ugacur nettwali d akken imusnawen n Tmurt n Yeqbayliyen xemten neɣ regglen i tegnit. Ula d isquma unṣiben d war tamusni i ten‑yeṭṭfen, amzun negren yergazen iwulmen. Tamurt n Yeqbayliyen n wagim wis kraḍ (troisième millinaire) tettuɣaḍ! kra yellan deg‑s yesbek! Ur teffreɣ ara fell‑ak : ma tdum akka uyseɣ iseɣ deg temnaḍt‑agi!
6- D acu n yizen i tenwid ad t‑id-tiniḍ i yimeɣriyen n uɣmis‑nneɣ ? Acu‑t usirem‑ik? Acu iwumi tesḥasfeḍ?
Ilmend n sin imulliyen‑agi (tafsut Imaziɣen 1980 akked tefsut taberkant n 2001) bɣiɣ ad asen‑rreɣ tajmilt i yimeɣrasen akked imejraḥ n snat n tedyanin‑agi. Am akken ara sen‑rreɣ tajmilt i kra n wid yellan d ilmendad n snat n tnekriwin‑agi. Asirem‑iw amer tisutiwin i d‑iteddun ad d-lemdent seg timsrin n yiḍelli, ur ad sent-tḍerru ara am akka teḍra yid-neɣ akken di tikli‑nsent ɣer tenflit akked d tudert n liser, kra yellan d ugur ad yettwakkes zdat tezmert n lebɣi‑nsen
Tadiwennit sɣur Ḥamid At Sliman
